Data represent 32 states that contributed to the system for 1 year or longer. and incident characteristics of these IPHs.Īnalysis of quantitative and qualitative surveillance data from the National Violent Death Reporting System from 2003 to 2016. To determine the proportion of adolescent homicides that is perpetrated by intimate partners and to describe the victim, perpetrator. Intimate partner homicide (IPH) is the most extreme form of intimate partner violence, but literature on IPH has almost exclusively focused on adults. Intimate partner violence during adolescence is widespread, and consequences can be severe. Some state-level measures of violent and property crime are shown to be negatively and significantly related to increases in private security, suggesting that private security generates a general deterrence effect. ![]() Instruments for the amount of private security are state-wide licensing regulations for firms specializing in providing security, since these regulations should influence entry. The demand for private security in an area is expected to be simultaneously dependent on the level of crime so, an instrumental variables approach is employed in a panel-data fixed-effect model using state-level data from 1998 to 2010. The hypothesis that private security deters crime at the state level is tested. Specific deterrence efforts may generate positive spillovers too, however, by raising the expected cost of committing crimes, thereby reducing crime in an area. Indeed, private security generates negative spillovers as criminals substitute non-protected targets for protected targets. Private security is employed to deter criminals from attacking specific targets, presumably not to produce general deterrence. The local clustering of violent crime suggests placed-focused policing strategies aimed at removing firearms would aid in curbing serious firearm violence in urban neighborhoods. IFA may reflect neighborhood distress level, given that areas with high IFA experience increased firearm violence as well as NFV. Neighborhood conditions influence IFA and firearm violence. IFA is a robust predictor of shootings in Newark, New Jersey. IFA is related to increased shootings and NFV, but not to DFV. Firearm violence is prevalent in Newark: over 90% of homicides and 47% of robberies were committed with a firearm. Negative binominal regression was conducted to examine the relationship between IFA and firearm violence at the neighborhood level while controlling for neighborhood conditions. Violent index crime is separated into three categories by level of firearm use: shootings, display of firearm violence (DFV), and no-firearm violence (NFV). We analyzed 3 years (from 2005 to 2007) of recovered firearm and violent index crime data from Newark, New Jersey. ![]() ![]() The present study examines how illegal firearm availability (IFA) is related to firearm violence at the neighborhood level. Violence involving firearms poses a serious threat to public safety in urban areas.
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